Abamune 300mg

Abamune 300mg Tablet (Abacavir 300mg)

Description

Abamune 300mg tablet contains Abacavir, an antiretroviral medicine used to manage HIV type I infection. It is not a cure but works in combination with other antiretroviral medications to control HIV, preventing its progression to AIDS.

Medical Use / Indication

• Treatment of HIV type I infection in adults and children.

• Must be used in combination with other antiretroviral medicines.

Mechanism of Action

• Abacavir is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI).

• It is converted in the body to its active form, carbovir triphosphate (dGTP analog).

• This metabolite competes with natural dGTP and incorporates into viral DNA, blocking reverse transcriptase, which halts viral DNA synthesis.

• Incomplete viral DNA prevents the virus from replicating effectively.

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption:

• Well absorbed orally with a bioavailability of ~83%.

Distribution:

• About 50% bound to human plasma proteins.

Metabolism:

• Metabolized in the liver via alcohol dehydrogenase and glucuronyl transferase.

Elimination:

• Half-life: ~1.54 ± 0.63 hours.

Side Effects

Serious / Rare:

• Fatal hypersensitivity reactions

• Lactic acidosis

• Severe hepatomegaly with steatosis

• Hepatic decompensation in HIV/HCV co-infection

• Immune reconstitution syndrome

• Fat redistribution

• Myocardial infarction

Common:

• Insomnia, depression, headache, fatigue

• Dizziness, rash, fever

• Abdominal pain, unusual body pain, anxiety

Precautions

• Use caution in patients with:

  • Hypersensitivity reactions

  • Lactic acidosis or severe hepatomegaly

  • Hepatitis B exacerbations

  • Cardiovascular risk (myocardial infarction)

  • Hepatic impairment

Drug Interactions

• Zalcitabine: Avoid concomitant use (antagonistic effect).

• HLA-B*5701 positive patients: Avoid Abacavir (risk of anaphylaxis).

• Methadone therapy: Abacavir may increase methadone clearance.

• Ethanol: Reduces renal elimination of Abacavir.

Contraindications

• Known hypersensitivity to Abacavir or components

• Positive for HLA-B*5701 allele

• Severe hepatic impairment

Use in Pregnancy & Lactation

• Pregnancy Category C: May cause birth defects; use only if benefits outweigh risks.

• Breastfeeding: Not recommended; Abacavir passes into breast milk.

Dosage

Adults:

• 600mg once daily or 300mg twice daily, in combination with other antiretrovirals.

Pediatrics (weight-based):

• 14 to <20 kg: 150mg twice daily

• 20 to <25 kg: 150mg morning + 300mg evening

• ≥25 kg: 300mg twice daily

Administration:

• Oral, with or without food.

Storage

• Store at 20–25°C, in a dry place.

• Protect from moisture, heat, and light.

Missed Dose

• Take the missed dose as soon as possible.

• If it’s near the time of the next dose, skip the missed dose and continue the regular schedule.

• Do not double the dose.